Chemistry · Classes 6–12

Acid–Base Lab

Glassware, HCl, NaOH, water and indicators. Every pH, colour and product comes from stoichiometry, never guesswork.

45 live simulations45 NCERT practicals44 guided experiments

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Live simulations

Fully simulated NCERT practicals with guided steps, observations, graphs and reports.

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Class 6

Chemistry NCERT manual

Air around us

Show that air contains oxygen and water vapour and takes up space.

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Class 6

Chemistry NCERT manual

Grouping materials

Sort objects by appearance, hardness, solubility and transparency.

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Class 6

Chemistry NCERT manual

Separating substances

Use sieving, winnowing, filtration and evaporation.

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Class 7

Chemistry NCERT manual

Natural indicators

Test acids and bases with turmeric, litmus and china rose.

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Class 7

Chemistry NCERT manual

Physical and chemical changes

Observe rusting, crystallisation and burning magnesium.

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Class 8

Chemistry NCERT manual

Chemical effects of electric current

Test which liquids conduct and try electroplating.

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Class 8

Chemistry NCERT manual

Combustion and flame

Find the conditions for burning and the zones of a candle flame.

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Class 8

Chemistry NCERT manual

Metals and non-metals

Compare malleability, conductivity and reactions.

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Class 9

Chemistry NCERT manual

Chemical and physical changes

Observe reactions such as iron with copper sulphate and burning magnesium.

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Class 9

Chemistry NCERT manual

Law of conservation of mass

Show that total mass stays the same in a chemical reaction.

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Class 9

Chemistry NCERT manual

Mixture vs compound

Compare iron filings + sulphur as a mixture and as iron sulphide.

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Class 9

Chemistry NCERT manual

Separating a mixture

Separate sand, common salt and ammonium chloride.

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Class 9

Chemistry NCERT manual

True solution, suspension and colloid

Tell them apart by transparency, filtration, stability and the Tyndall effect.

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

pH of common solutions

Find the pH of HCl, NaOH, ethanoic acid, lemon juice, water and baking soda solution.

Universal indicatorpH readingsDilution

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

Phenolphthalein end point

Find the pH at which phenolphthalein turns pink.

Indicator rangeColour change

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

Properties of acetic acid

Odour, solubility, litmus test and reaction with sodium bicarbonate.

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

Properties of acids and bases

Test HCl and NaOH with litmus, zinc and sodium carbonate.

IndicatorsAcid vs base

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

Reactivity series

Rank Zn, Fe, Cu and Al using their salt solutions.

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

Saponification

Prepare soap from oil and sodium hydroxide.

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

Soap in hard and soft water

Compare the foaming capacity of soap.

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Class 10

Chemistry NCERT manual

Types of chemical reactions

Perform combination, decomposition, displacement and double displacement reactions.

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Class 11, 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Acid–base titration (HCl vs NaOH)

Neutralise HCl with NaOH and locate the end point with an indicator.

Drop-wise burettepH curve2 indicators

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Boiling point of an organic compound

Use the capillary method.

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Chemical equilibrium

Shift the Fe³⁺ + SCN⁻ equilibrium by changing concentrations.

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Crystallisation

Purify impure copper sulphate, alum or benzoic acid.

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Detecting N, S and halogens

Lassaigne's test on an organic compound.

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Melting point of an organic compound

Use a capillary tube and Thiele tube.

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

pH of fruit juices and solutions

Use universal indicator and pH paper.

Universal indicatorpH scale

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Class 11, 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Salt analysis

Identify one cation and one anion in a given salt.

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Standard sodium carbonate solution

Prepare a 0.1 M standard solution of sodium carbonate by direct weighing.

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Strength of HCl against sodium carbonate

Determine the strength of dilute hydrochloric acid by titrating it against standard sodium carbonate (methyl orange end point).

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Class 11

Chemistry NCERT manual

Strength of NaOH against oxalic acid

Determine the concentration of a sodium hydroxide solution by titrating it against a standard solution of oxalic acid.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins

Identify them in pure samples and foods.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Daniell cell potential

Vary the concentration in Zn | Zn²⁺ || Cu²⁺ | Cu.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Enthalpy of acetone–chloroform mixing

Determine the enthalpy change when acetone and chloroform form hydrogen bonds.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Enthalpy of dissolution

Determine the enthalpy of dissolution of copper sulphate or potassium nitrate.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Enthalpy of neutralisation

Determine the enthalpy of neutralisation of a strong acid (HCl) with a strong base (NaOH).

Temperature riseΔH ≈ −57 kJ/mol

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Functional group tests

Detect alcohol, phenol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid and amine groups.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

KMnO₄ titration

Find the strength of oxalic acid or Mohr's salt.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Lyophilic and lyophobic sols

Prepare starch, egg albumin and Fe(OH)₃ sols.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Mohr's salt and potash alum

Prepare double salts and grow crystals.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Organic preparations

Prepare acetanilide, iodoform or dibenzalacetone.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Paper chromatography

Separate leaf pigments or Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ and find Rf values.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Rate: iodide and hydrogen peroxide

Compare rates at different concentrations.

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Class 12

Chemistry NCERT manual

Rate: thiosulphate and HCl

Effect of concentration and temperature on reaction rate.

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Equipment library

Everything available in this lab. New items are added as data definitions.

Glassware

Vessels and measuring tools

BeakerGeneral-purpose vessel for mixing solutions.
Test tubeSmall vessel for quick qualitative tests.
Conical flaskTitration receiving vessel; easy to swirl.
Measuring cylinderMeasures liquid volume to ±0.5 mL.
PipetteTransfers a fixed, accurate volume (e.g. 25.0 mL).
BuretteDelivers titrant in controlled volumes, read to 0.05 mL.
DropperAdds a few drops (≈0.05 mL each) of indicator.

Chemicals

Acids, bases and solvents

Distilled waterH₂O — neutral solvent, pH 7.
Hydrochloric acidHCl(aq) — strong monoprotic acid.
Sodium hydroxideNaOH(aq) — strong base.

Indicators

pH indicators

PhenolphthaleinIndicator: colourless in acid, pink in base (pH 8.2–10).
Universal indicatorShows a colour for each pH range from red (acid) to violet (base).